磷酸盐无机树脂铸造粘结自硬砂的性能研究

以磷酸盐无机树脂为粘结剂，对自硬砂的混砂工艺，粘结剂加入量，固化荆加入量，铸型脱模时间．型砂可使用时间，渍散性等进行了研究。结果表明磷酸盐粘结剂有良好的综合工艺性能，具有应用价值。     

环境友好缓蚀剂的研究现状和展望

围绕缓蚀性能、环境保护、经济效益研究开发适用绿色化学要求的环境友好缓蚀剂是缓蚀剂未来的发展方向。概述了有机、无机环境友好缓蚀剂的国内外研究现状,强调了复配增效技术在制备环境友好缓蚀剂中的作用及应用情况,介绍了利用天然植物制备环境友好缓蚀剂的情况,并提出了该领域的发展趋势。     

Effect of amide type modified rapeseed oil as lubricating additive on friction and wear behavior of steel-steel and steel-aluminum alloy systems

A new type of environmentally friendly lube additive-amide type modified rapeseed oil was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrum. Its effect on the friction and wear behavior of steel-steel and steel-aluminum alloy systems were investigated with a four-ball machine and an Optimol SRV friction and wear tester respectively.The morphographies of the worn surfaces were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The worn surfaces of the 2024Al alloy block were analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results show that the modified rapeseed oil as additives can obviously decrease the wear rate and friction coefficient of steel pair and steel-aluminum frictional pair. Its lubrication mechanism is inferred that a high strength complex protection films form on the worn surface of the Al alloy due to the adsorption or tribochemistry reaction of a long chain additive molecule and high reaction activity of N element.     

丁二酮的合成研究

丁二酮具有甜的、奶油、黄油香气,是一种重要的香料化合物,广泛用于各种香精配方中.比较了氯化铁、硫酸铁、氯化铜和硫酸铜4种氧化剂氧化乙偶姻制备丁二酮的效果,其氧化效果的顺序依次是：氯化铁〉氯化铜〉硫酸铁硫酸铜.氯化铁效果最好,丁二酮产率在85%左右.用双氧水再生氯化铁时,加入浓盐酸最佳用量与氯化亚铁的摩尔比为1∶3.3,再生后的氯化铁氧化效果良好,可多次循环使用.该方法与传统的丁酮亚硝化法相比,具有操作简单、产率高的优点,而且氧化剂可再生循环使用,对环境的污染小.     

流化催化裂化油浆综合利用的分析

流化催化裂化（FCC）油浆外甩量通常超过5%,需要脱固处理得到澄清油再利用。本文分析得出了向延迟焦化、溶剂脱沥青、减压蒸馏、加氢等重质油加工装置直接掺炼,局限性较大;利用减压蒸馏、溶剂抽提、超临界流体萃取等工艺,对澄清油“掐头去尾”,分离组分可生产针状焦、环保橡胶填充油、沥青树脂以及碳素纤维等高附加值产品。油浆组分通过延迟焦化制备针状焦,是工业化应用主体方向,但国内产品质量与国外尚有很大差距;油浆制备环保橡胶填充油,在降低环保橡胶油多环芳烃（PCA）和8种危害性稠环芳烃（PAHs）分别至3%和10mg/kg以下的同时,必须提高芳碳率（C_A）值至10%以上来保持橡胶相容性,其收率及生产成本是工业化应用推广的制约因素。     

基于沉浸边界法的轴流泵内鱼体运动数值模拟

为精细分析鱼类在水力机械流道中的运动特性,本文以轴流泵为例,采用沉浸边界（immersed boundary,IB）与流固耦合（fluid-structure interaction,FSI）及大涡模拟（large eddy simulation,LES）相结合的方法,对泵内流场及鱼体通过泵流道的运动过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,在相同雷诺数下计算得到的设计工况扬程系数与实验值误差仅为2.7%,验证了IB-FSI-LES方法适合于模拟轴流泵内部流动。与将鱼体视为流体示踪粒子的常规计算相比,采用IB-FSI-LES方法可以得到鱼体在泵内的复杂运动轨迹,捕捉鱼体与叶片发生碰撞时的运动突变以及叶轮内鱼体周围流场中涡结构的形成和脱落。研究结果可为水利水电工程中鱼类过机损伤精确评估及鱼类友好型水力机械优化设计提供科学依据。     

羧酸稀土复合光敏剂的研制及其在降解地膜中的应用

根据目前已合成的光敏剂对紫外光吸收的波长及吸光系数不同,对光敏剂进行复合,研制出对紫外光具有较高吸收效率的复合光敏剂,并制备了光钙型环境友好降解地膜塑料材料;通过人工加速老化实验、户外曝晒实验,采用紫外光谱、红外光谱、热失重分析等方法,对所研制的复合光敏剂的光敏化效果进行表征,结果表明,所研制的复合光敏剂与单一光敏剂相比,具有良好的紫外光敏化效果,羧酸稀土复合光敏剂又能使塑料在光引发后具有避光继续氧化降解的性能。     

木质素胶粘剂的开发和应用

木质素作为植物中蕴藏量仅次于纤维素的高聚物,是一种廉价易得,储量丰富,环境友好的可再生天然资源。文章主要就木质素的结构和性能以及在各类用途胶粘剂中的应用作了详细的概述。     

含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂的研究进展

综述了含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂(包括含磷协同本质阻燃体系)的发展、现状和未来趋势。与添加型阻燃剂阻燃环氧树脂相比,通过含磷环氧化合物和/或含磷固化剂把磷元素嵌入环氧树脂结构中制得的含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂,具有阻燃效率高、阻燃持久、物理力学性能不受影响、燃烧过程中毒性腐蚀性挥发物质的生成量低等优势。利用协同阻燃效应,可以进一步提高阻燃性能。但是,含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂和含磷协同本质阻燃体系存在制备工艺复杂、生产成本较高等不足。     

Application of silica-containing nano-composite emulsion to wall paint: A new environmentally safe paint of high performance

A new emulsion-type paint was prepared by utilizing a nano-composite emulsion (NCE), which contained nano-size particles (ca. 60 nm in diameter) consisting of silica (inorganic core, ca. 30 nm in diameter) and polyacrylate (organic shell), and evaluated as wall paint. By applying NCE for the wall paint, about 35 wt.% of the organic content in the paint could be reduced in comparison with the commodity emulsion-type paint, which is highly effective to save the petroleum resources. The basic properties of the white NCE paint film on gloss, surface hardness, adhesion, and solvent resistance were evaluated and compared with those of acrylic emulsion-type paints as well as those of silica-containing paints which were prepared simply by blending the acrylic emulsion with silica sol. The NCE paint was especially excellent in solvent resistance. Then the practical tests were performed to evaluate its appropriateness as wall paint, which clarified the excellent antipollution property and the high flame resistance of the NCE paint.